Orgeldatabase | Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Volledige beschrijving geselecteerd orgel

Bron: Postcard

London, United Kingdom (Greater London) - Temple Church (City)
Gemeente: London
Adres: Fleet Street, EC4Y 7DE, London
Website: http://www.templechurch.com/

Beschrijving nr.: 2026321.

Gebouwd door: Bernard "Father" Smith (1688)
Verwoest (1940)

Jaar	Orgelbouwer	Opus	Activiteit
1688	Bernard "Father" Smith		nieuwbouw
1730	Christopher Schreider		diverse werkzaamheden
1741	John Byfield		uitbreiding
1843	J.C. Bishop & Son		ombouw
1849	Thomas Joseph Robson		uitbreiding
1856	Thomas Joseph Robson		diverse werkzaamheden
1862	Edmund Schulze		uitbreiding
1878	Forster & Andrews		ombouw
1896	Norman & Beard		restauratie
1910	Frederick Rothwell		ombouw

In 1683 kregen Renatus Harris en Bernard Smith beiden de opdracht voor de bouw van een nieuw orgel voor Temple Church in Londen. Het orgel van Smith kreeg een plaats op de scheiding van het koor van het schip. Na enkele jaren besloot men in 1688 dat het orgel van Smith zou worden gekocht, terwijl Harris zijn orgel kon demonteren. Het orgel van Smith had drie manualen met 23 stemmen. Een bijzonderheid was dat er twee extra toetsen per octaaf waren, zodat dis en es en gis en as eigen toetsen hadden. Deze toetsen lagen boven op de normale zwarte toetsen, ongeveer vanaf halverwege de toetslengte. In 1730 plaatste Schreider het Echo Organ in een zwelkast. John Byfield verving dit werk in 1741 door een nieuw Swell Organ met zes stemmen. Het orgel is in 1843 door Bishop omgebouwd en voorzien van een nieuwe orgelkas. Het kreeg nu een plaats aan de noordzijde van het schip van de kerk. Het orgel kreeg nu ook een vrij pedaal met achttien tonen. In 1849 verving Thomas Robson dit door een volledig pedaal met dertig tonen. In de volgende jaren werd het orgel verschillende keren verbouwd en steeds verder uitgebreid, onder andere door Thomas Robson (1856), Edmund Schulze (1862), Forster & Andrews (1878, uitbreiding met Solo Organ en pneumatische tractuur) en Norman & Beard (1896, voornamelijk restauratiewerkzaamheden). Het onderhoud ging in 1898 over in handen van Frederick Rothwell, die het orgel opnieuw intoneerde en een nieuwe Echo Dulciana 8' op het Choir Organ plaatste. In 1910 herbouwde Rothwell het orgel, dat nu zestig stemmen had, vier manualen en pedaal. In het orgel was nog altijd veel pijpwerk van Smith aanwezig. Het is echter verloren gegaan door bombardementen in 1940.

Technische gegevens

Aantal registers per werk
- Great Organ	16
- Choir Organ	12
- Swell Organ	17
- Solo Organ	4
- Pedal Organ	10
Totaal aantal stemmen	59
Toetstractuur	Mechanisch
Registertractuur	Mechanisch
Windlade(n)	Sleepladen

Dispositie
Great Organ (C-g'''): Double Open Diapason 16', Open Diapason I 8', Open Diapason II 8', Open Diapason III 8', Stopped Diapason 8', Wald Flute 8', Principal 4', Harmonic Flute 4', Nason 4', Twelfth 2 2/3', Fifteenth 2', Mixture 3 ranks, Double Trumpet 16', Horn 8', Trumpet 8', Clarion 4'.
Choir Organ (C-g'''): Lieblich Bourdon 16', Open Diapason 8', Dulciana 8', Echo Dulciana 8', Lieblich Gedackt 8', Flauto Traverso 8', Spitz Flute 8', Gemshorn 8', Lieblich Flute 4', Piccolo 2', Orchestral Oboe 8', Basset Horn 8'.
Swell Organ (C-g'''): Bourdon 16', Open Diapason I 8', Open Diapason II 8', Rohr Gedackt 8', Salicional 8', Gamba 8', Voix Celestes 8', Principal 4', Rohr Flute 4', Fifteenth 2', Mixture 3 ranks, Contra Fagotto 16', Cornopean 8', Horn 8', Oboe 8', Clarinet 8', Clarion 4'.
Solo Organ (C-g'''): Harmonic Flute 8', Harmonic Flute 4', Orchestral Oboe 8', Tuba 8'.
Pedal Organ (C-f'): Sub Bass 32', Major Bass 16', Open Bass 16', Open Diapason 16', Stopped Bass 16', Principal 8', Bass Flute 8', Violoncello 8', Trombone 16', Contra Oboe 8'.

Overige dispositiegegevens
Verschillende disposities	De oorspronkelijke dispositie uit 1683 luidde: Great Organ: Prestand 12', Holflute 12', Principall 6', Gedackt 6', Quinta 4', Super Octavo 3', Cornett 2 ranks, Sesquialtera 3 ranks, Mixtur 4 ranks, Trumpett 12'. Choir Organ: Gedackt 12', Violl and Violin 12', Holflute 6', Sadt 3', Spitts Flute 3', Voice Humane 12'. Echhos (vanaf c'): Gedackt 6', SUp. Octavo 3', Gedackt, Flute, Cornetyt 3 ranks, Sesquialtera 4 ranks, Trumpett. Manuaalomvang: FF-GG-AA-HH-CE-c'''. In 1810 luidde de dispositie (Henry Leffler): Great Organ: Open Diapason 8', Stopped Diapason 8', Principal 4', Flute 4', 15th 3', 12th 2', Sesquialtera 3 ranks, Mixture 3 ranks, Cornet 5 ranks (vanaf Cis), Trumpet 8'. Choir Organ: Stopped Diapason 8', Principal 4', Flute 4', 15th 3', Vox Humana 8', Cremona 8'. Swell Organ (vanaf g): Open Diapason 8', Stopped Diapason 8', Cornet 4 ranks, Trumpet 8', Hautboy 8', Horn 8' (vanaf f). De dispositie luidde in 1861: Great Organ (C-g'''): Double Diapason 16', Open Diapason 8' (smooth and mellow), Open Diapason 8' (clear and strong), Stopped Diapason 8', Hohl Flöte 8', Viola de Gamba 8', Principal 4', Octave 4', Nason Flute 4', Twelfth 2 2/3', Fifteenth 2', Full Mixture 3 ranks, Sharp Mixture 5 ranks, Small Trumpet 8', Large Trumpet 8', Clarion 4'. Choir Organ (C-g'''): Lieblich Bourdon 16', Spitz Flote 8', Violin Diapason 8', Dulciana 8', Lieblich Gedact 8', Flauto Traverso 8', Gemshorn 4', Violin 4', Lieblich Flöte 4', Mixture 3 ranks, Corno di Bassetto 8'. Swell Organ (C-g'''): Bourdon 16', Open Diapason 8', Rohr Gedact 8', Principal 4', Rohr Flöte 4', Twelfth & Fifteenth 2 2/3'+2', Mixture 4 ranks, Double Bassoon 16', French Horn 8', Hautboy 8', Orchestral Oboe 8', Clarion 4', Tremulant. Pedal Organ (C-f'): Sub Bass 32', Open Bass 16', Stopped Bass 16', Violone 16', Quint 10 2/3', Violoncello 8', Twelfth Bass and Fifteenth Bass 5 1/3'+4', Trombone 16'. Couplers: Swell to Great, Choir Suboctave to Great, Swell to Choir, Great to Pedal, Swell to Pedal, Choir to Pedal. Accessories: 5 composition pedals acting on Great and Pedal organs in combination, 3 composition pedals acting on Swell, Soft Pedal Organ, Pedal acting on Swell to Great, Pedal acting on Great to Pedal. De dispositie van het orgel luidde in 1878: Great Organ (C-g'''): Double Diapason 16', Large Open Diapason 8', Small Open Diapason 8', Stopped Diapason 8', Hohl Flöte 8', Viol di Gamba 8', Principal 4', Octave 4', Nason Flute 4', Twelfth 2 2/3', Fifteenth 2', Full Mixture 3 ranks, Sharp Mixture 3 ranks, Large Trumpet 8', Small Trumpet 8', Clarion 4'. Choir Organ (C-g'''): Lieblich Bourdon 16', Violin Diapason 8', Lieblich Gedact 8', Spitz Flöte 8', Dulciana 8', Flauto Traverso 8', Gemshorn 4', Violino 4', Lieblich-Flöte 4', Mixture 3 ranks, Corno di Basseto 8'. Swell Organ (C-g'''): Bourdon 16', Open Diapason 8', Rohr Gedact 8', Salicional 8', Voix Celeste 8', Principal 4', Rohr Flöte 4', Twelfth 2 2/3', Fifteenth 2', Mixture 5 ranks, Double Bassoon 16', Horn 8', Oboe 8', Vox Humana 8', Clarion 4', Tremulant. Solo Organ (C-g'''): Flute Harmonic 8', Flute Octaviante 4', Piccolo Harmonic 2', Tuba 8', Clarionet 8', Orchestral Oboe 4'. Pedal Organ (C-f'): Sub Bass 32', Major Bass 16', Open Bass 16', Viola 16', Stopped Bass 16', Quint 10 2/3', Principal 8', Violoncello 8', Twelfth 5 1/3', Fifteenth 4', Trombone 16'. Couplers: Swell to Great, Swell to Choir, Choir to Great, Choir Suboctave to Great, Solo to Great, Great to Pedal, Swell to Pedal, Choir to Pedal, Solo to Pedal, Pedal Octave.

Overige dispositiegegevens

Verschillende disposities

De oorspronkelijke dispositie uit 1683 luidde:
Great Organ: Prestand 12', Holflute 12', Principall 6', Gedackt 6', Quinta 4', Super Octavo 3', Cornett 2 ranks, Sesquialtera 3 ranks, Mixtur 4 ranks, Trumpett 12'.
Choir Organ: Gedackt 12', Violl and Violin 12', Holflute 6', Sadt 3', Spitts Flute 3', Voice Humane 12'.
Echhos (vanaf c'): Gedackt 6', SUp. Octavo 3', Gedackt, Flute, Cornetyt 3 ranks, Sesquialtera 4 ranks, Trumpett.
Manuaalomvang: FF-GG-AA-HH-CE-c'''.

In 1810 luidde de dispositie (Henry Leffler):
Great Organ: Open Diapason 8', Stopped Diapason 8', Principal 4', Flute 4', 15th 3', 12th 2', Sesquialtera 3 ranks, Mixture 3 ranks, Cornet 5 ranks (vanaf Cis), Trumpet 8'.
Choir Organ: Stopped Diapason 8', Principal 4', Flute 4', 15th 3', Vox Humana 8', Cremona 8'.
Swell Organ (vanaf g): Open Diapason 8', Stopped Diapason 8', Cornet 4 ranks, Trumpet 8', Hautboy 8', Horn 8' (vanaf f).

De dispositie luidde in 1861:
Great Organ (C-g'''): Double Diapason 16', Open Diapason 8' (smooth and mellow), Open Diapason 8' (clear and strong), Stopped Diapason 8', Hohl Flöte 8', Viola de Gamba 8', Principal 4', Octave 4', Nason Flute 4', Twelfth 2 2/3', Fifteenth 2', Full Mixture 3 ranks, Sharp Mixture 5 ranks, Small Trumpet 8', Large Trumpet 8', Clarion 4'.
Choir Organ (C-g'''): Lieblich Bourdon 16', Spitz Flote 8', Violin Diapason 8', Dulciana 8', Lieblich Gedact 8', Flauto Traverso 8', Gemshorn 4', Violin 4', Lieblich Flöte 4', Mixture 3 ranks, Corno di Bassetto 8'.
Swell Organ (C-g'''): Bourdon 16', Open Diapason 8', Rohr Gedact 8', Principal 4', Rohr Flöte 4', Twelfth & Fifteenth 2 2/3'+2', Mixture 4 ranks, Double Bassoon 16', French Horn 8', Hautboy 8', Orchestral Oboe 8', Clarion 4', Tremulant.
Pedal Organ (C-f'): Sub Bass 32', Open Bass 16', Stopped Bass 16', Violone 16', Quint 10 2/3', Violoncello 8', Twelfth Bass and Fifteenth Bass 5 1/3'+4', Trombone 16'.
Couplers: Swell to Great, Choir Suboctave to Great, Swell to Choir, Great to Pedal, Swell to Pedal, Choir to Pedal.
Accessories: 5 composition pedals acting on Great and Pedal organs in combination, 3 composition pedals acting on Swell, Soft Pedal Organ, Pedal acting on Swell to Great, Pedal acting on Great to Pedal.

De dispositie van het orgel luidde in 1878:
Great Organ (C-g'''): Double Diapason 16', Large Open Diapason 8', Small Open Diapason 8', Stopped Diapason 8', Hohl Flöte 8', Viol di Gamba 8', Principal 4', Octave 4', Nason Flute 4', Twelfth 2 2/3', Fifteenth 2', Full Mixture 3 ranks, Sharp Mixture 3 ranks, Large Trumpet 8', Small Trumpet 8', Clarion 4'.
Choir Organ (C-g'''): Lieblich Bourdon 16', Violin Diapason 8', Lieblich Gedact 8', Spitz Flöte 8', Dulciana 8', Flauto Traverso 8', Gemshorn 4', Violino 4', Lieblich-Flöte 4', Mixture 3 ranks, Corno di Basseto 8'.
Swell Organ (C-g'''): Bourdon 16', Open Diapason 8', Rohr Gedact 8', Salicional 8', Voix Celeste 8', Principal 4', Rohr Flöte 4', Twelfth 2 2/3', Fifteenth 2', Mixture 5 ranks, Double Bassoon 16', Horn 8', Oboe 8', Vox Humana 8', Clarion 4', Tremulant.
Solo Organ (C-g'''): Flute Harmonic 8', Flute Octaviante 4', Piccolo Harmonic 2', Tuba 8', Clarionet 8', Orchestral Oboe 4'.
Pedal Organ (C-f'): Sub Bass 32', Major Bass 16', Open Bass 16', Viola 16', Stopped Bass 16', Quint 10 2/3', Principal 8', Violoncello 8', Twelfth 5 1/3', Fifteenth 4', Trombone 16'.
Couplers: Swell to Great, Swell to Choir, Choir to Great, Choir Suboctave to Great, Solo to Great, Great to Pedal, Swell to Pedal, Choir to Pedal, Solo to Pedal, Pedal Octave.

Literatuur

Organs and organ building : A treatise on the history and construction of the organ from it's origin to the present day with important specifications / C.A. Edwards. - London : "The Bazaar", 1881.
Notes on Old London City churches, their organs, organists, and musical associations / Charles William Pearce. - London : The Vincent Music Company Ltd., [1908].
The organs of the City of London : From the Restoration to the Present / Nicholas M. Plumley. - Oxford : Positif Press, 1996.
Angelic Symphony : The Organ of the Temple Church / James Vivian, Robin Griffith-Jones. - Andover : Pitkin Publishing, 2006.